Cristin-resultat-ID: 1185730
Sist endret: 25. oktober 2016, 14:39
Resultat
Vitenskapelig foredrag
2014

The Environmental Sample Processor:a tool for oil leaks detection by quantifying hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in marine environments

Bidragsytere:
  • Adriana Królicka
  • Catherine Boccadoro
  • Mari Mæland
  • Christina M. Preston
  • Jim Birch
  • Christopher Scholin
  • mfl.

Presentasjon

Navn på arrangementet: 5TH NORWEGIAN ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY SYMPOSIUM
Dato fra: 22. oktober 2014
Dato til: 24. oktober 2014

Om resultatet

Vitenskapelig foredrag
Publiseringsår: 2014

Beskrivelse Beskrivelse

Tittel

The Environmental Sample Processor:a tool for oil leaks detection by quantifying hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria in marine environments

Sammendrag

The Environmental Sample Processor (ESP) developed at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) is a technology that offers a way for monitoring changes in specific biota community and events that take place in the aquatic environment. This technology based on DNA (and ribosomal RNA) is designed to detect and measure the level of genetic markers; both functional and phylogenetic genes important from diverse point view, for instance 1) phylogenetic genes - monitoring of abundance of harmful algae 2) functional genes that encoding enzymes involved in response to environmental stress. The presence of crude oil strongly affects prokaryotic community composition and elicits the growth of hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms. Chemical compounds present in crude oil favors in most cases bacterial representatives to grow and divide compared to archaeal ones. This is probably due to higher sensitivity of Archae to toxic components of crude oil. Here, the ESP is dedicated to detection of crude oil pollution in arctic regions by monitoring the abundance of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria. The main goals of this research are to develop a suite of DNA probe-based assays for detecting bacteria indicative of oil contamination and to implement those assays using the ESP system. The ESP has been used previously to monitor a variety of microbes for assessing water quality as well changes in deep-sea microbial communities using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Our work builds from those developments by targeting the 16S rRNA genes of key hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial species that, in natural seawater, are present in very low numbers but in the presence of oil can reach very high abundances. The selection of the molecular targets is based on both a literature search and on controlled incubation experiments. We have selected a group of uncultivated Oceanospiralles (DWH), Oleispira antarctica and Colwellia, due to their documented role in oil hydrocarbon degradation at low temperatures. In natural seawater samples, these bacteria were not abundant. However, one day after crude oil exposure at 4 ºC, Oleispira antarctica showed a marked increase. This response was observed even with the addition of the lowest concentration of crude oil. Colwellia also responded to both very low and very high oil concentrations. Furthermore Colwellia-like bacteria were overwhelming at an offshore site with chronic discharges of oily water. Here, we present the results of this research and show how the ESP technology could be applied to monitor the impact of offshore petroleum activities on microbial communities.

Bidragsytere

Adriana Królicka

  • Tilknyttet:
    Forfatter

Catherine Boccadoro

  • Tilknyttet:
    Forfatter
    ved NORCE Klima og miljø ved NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS

Mari Mæland Nilsen

Bidragsyterens navn vises på dette resultatet som Mari Mæland
  • Tilknyttet:
    Forfatter
    ved NORCE Klima og miljø ved NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS

Christina M. Preston

  • Tilknyttet:
    Forfatter

Jim Birch

  • Tilknyttet:
    Forfatter
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