Diet and physical activity are associated with suboptimal weight loss and weight regain 10–15 years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: A cross-sectional study

Introduction Suboptimal weight loss (SWL) after bariatric surgery affects approximately 30% of the patients in the long-term. Diet and physical activity (PA) are likely to modulate long term weight loss outcomes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Objectives To compare food habits and PA levels between those experiencing SWL and optimal weight loss (OWL), and between those experiencing weight regain (WR) and no weight regain (NWR), 10–15 years after RYGB, in addition to a pre-operative control group. Methods Participants were recruited from the Bariatric Surgery Observation Study (BAROBS), ≥ 10 y after RYGB. Food intake was assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and PA levels with Sensewear armbands. Results 75 participants (79% females) were recruited. Excess weight loss (EWL) was 17 ± 19% and 87 ± 22% in the SWL and OWL groups, respectively and WR was 31 ± 15% and 1 ± 11% in the WR and NWR groups, respectively (P