DNA Barcoding of Diptera from Finnmark reveals Holarctic distributions and possible cryptic speciation.

We identified 11 species of 5 Diptera families, of which Paradryomyza spinigera (Dryomyzidae) is a first record from Norway. All species were represented in BOLD by European specimens; sequences from North American specimens were also available for five species. European and American specimens of Acartophthalmus nigrinus, Campichoeta griseola, Pseudoneuroctena senilis and Dryope decrepita, clustered in the same BINs with low p-distances ranging from 0 to 1.87%, and we deem it likely that they are true Holarctic species. Widespread dryomyzid Dryomyza anilis clustered in two different BINs with a p-distance reaching 14.99%! This is much higher than what is typical for intraspecific divergences and strongly suggests that the North American species may represent a cryptic species. We recommend a revision of the taxonomy of the species based on morphological comparisons of specimens from both populations.