Sammendrag
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of death globally. One of the first steps in CAD-development is sub-clinical atherosclerosis. Biomarkers that could reflect the presence and extent of coronary atherosclerosis would be extremely valuable for risk prediction of myocardial infarction (MI). Serum cholesterol levels are key variables in risk prediction today. However, there is growing interest for exploring the potential of other lipid subclasses. The aim of this study is to identify lipoprotein subfractions that are associated with the presence and extent of coronary atherosclerosis. Serum blood samples from 60 patients with suspected CAD were collected before scheduled coronary angiography. The extent of coronary atherosclerosis were quantified by using the Gensini score and patients were classified into three Gensini groups (30.1: significant CAD). Blood samples were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). There were no significant difference in total cholesterol, LDL- and HDL cholesterol between the three Gensini groups. Among non-statin users, NMR lipidomics showed twice as many circulating LDL-5 and LDL-6 particles in patients with significant CAD compared to controls. Furthermore, small subfractions of LDL (L5TG, L5AB and L6AB) and VLDL (V4CH and V4PL) were significantly increased, whereas ApoA1 containing HDL particles (HDA1) were significantly decreased. In conclusion, this study demonstrate a significant association between serum lipoprotein subfractions and the extent of CAD. These lipoprotein subfractions might add value to risk prediction models of MI. However, future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate our results.
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