Sammendrag
Road-related microplastic particles (RAMP) is a
group of particles in the microscale size range
0.1-1000 μm with plastic compounds (polymers)
in them, which is present in road runoff.
Tire-wear particles (TWP) are estimated as the
largest single source of microplastic particles in
Norway, contributing up to 5000 tons of microplastic
per year of a total of 8400 tons of microplastics
per year. RAMP also includes road-wear
particles from polymer-modified bitumen
(RWPPMB) and road-wear particles from road
marking (RWPRM). RAMP is a diverse particle
group both when it comes to particle properties
and chemical compounds. Several studies have
confirmed toxicity effects in experiments using
TWP leachates at environmentally relevant concentrations
according to known concentrations.
However, more research is needed on the concentrations
in the environment, uptake in biota
for all three types of RAMP and the toxicity
effects
from these.
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