Is There Something in the Air? Sources, Concentrations and Ionic Composition of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) in an Industrial Coastal City in Southern Brazil

Rio Grande (RS, Brazil) is a coastal municipality in which the climatic conditions are driven mainly by the wind regime. The city harbours important port and industrial activities that may affect residential areas. In this sense, the main goal of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, concentrations and ion composition of the atmospheric particulate matter (PM 2.5) in this peculiar city. Air samplers were installed in both urban and urban-industrial zones from October 2009 to May 2011, filtering particles