Rigidity and flexibility – using experiences 3D printing for training in construction industry

This paper discusses how emerging technologies change training procedures and practices in the construction industry. This work is part of H2020 HINDCON project where a multidisciplinary team includes technology developers, construction companies and researchers from multiple disciplines across Europe. We use 3D printing in the context of Additive Manufacturing (AM) as an empirical case study to illustrate organizational, social and technological implications of change in operational practices. Data collection includes document review, observations and informal discussions concerning preparation, 3D printing of construction shapes and debriefing. We describe and analyse formal and informal aspects of the construction domain using the Pentagon analytical model and method Schiefloe (2018). There is a discrepancy between policies and standards available and new technological advances represented by 3D printing. Further we have identified that increased automation requires new type of skills and personnel. The current operational situation shows a contrast and decency between manual work and high tech, tacit knowledge to complement procedures. So, the importance to consider tacit knowledge and experience when implementing change in work processes. Our main recommendation for future training is to combine stories, work practices and realistic scenarios integrating tacit and explicit knowledge and diverse roles and responsibilities.