Sammendrag
Abstract: The Pre-Caledonian margin of Baltica has been outlined as a tapering wedge with increas- ing magmatism towards the ocean–continent transition. It is, however, well known that margins are complex, with different and diachronous evolution along and across strike. Baltica’s vestiges in the Scandes have complexities akin to modern margins. It included a microcontinent and magma-poor hyperextended and magma-rich segments. It was probably up to 1500 km wide before distal parts were affected by plate convergence. Characteristic features are exhumed mantle peridotites and their detrital equivalents, some exposed to the seafloor by the pre-orogenic hyperextension. A major change in the architecture of the mountain belt occurred across the NW–SE trending Sveconorwe- gian front in the Baltican basement. This coincided with the NE termination of the Jotun-Lindås- Dalsfjord basement nappes, the remains of the Jotun Microcontinent (JMC) formed by hyperexten- sion prior to the orogeny. Mantle with ophicalcite breccias exhumed by hyperextension are covered by deep-marine sediments and local conglomerates. Baltican basement slivers are common in the transitional crust basins. Outboard the JMC, the margin was magma-rich. The main break-up mag- matism at 605 ± 10 Ma was part of the vast Central Iapetus Magmatic Province. The along-strike heterogeneity of the margin controlled diachronous and contrasting tectonic evolution during the later Caledonian plate convergence and collision.
Keywords: Scandinavian Caledonides; Baltica; passive margin; hyperextension; mantle exhuma- tion; microcontinent; magma-rich; magma-poor
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