Conceptual modeling for Human Systems Integration in Manned-Unmanned Teaming

Future systems are becoming increasingly complex as autonomous systems work closely with human operators. Transdisciplinary development is needed to create systems functioning in dynamic Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T) operations. This paper demonstrates the use of conceptual modeling during Human Systems Integration in the early phase of MUM-T development. We used case study research in a company with participatory action research. This paper highlights three suitable conceptual modeling approaches that provide insight into human factors and manpower distribution in the context of manned and unmanned systems in a search and rescue operation. These models include storytelling, visual ConOps, and dynamic workflow models. Through visual support, these models facilitate engaging stakeholder discussions, enhance contextual understanding, and allow for easy modifications during co-creation. They are particularly useful in preparing for workshops and eliciting knowledge from end-user meetings.