The role of technology in school data science

According to the report of the World Economic Forum, data science is one of the top emerging professions for jobs today and tomorrow (World Economic Forum, 2020). Data science education has been the focus of researchers and mathematics and statistics educators in K-12. When considering the implementation of data science education at the school level, two fundamental issues arise: firstly, what kind of data to focus on and what kind of tools to choose for data analysis (Frischemeier et al., 2021). However, data do not necessarily come in a tidy format, so data handling and management skills have become more important to address this need, and digital tools have been given more prominent roles (Biehler et al., 2023). Therefore, one of the basic issues in data science education is choosing the right type of tools and technology. The result of Ball and Barzel's review is that communication in the presence of technology can be categorized as communication through technology, with technology, or of technology displays. Focusing on communication and collaboration provides the possibility of reconsidering the ways to promote the development of conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive knowledge. Attention to the enhanced connections through, with, and technology is a valuable framework for analyzing and understanding the various roles of technology in mathematics teaching and learning (Ball & Barzel, 2018). The question is which researches in the field of school data science have paid attention to the role of communication in the presence of technology and how is the development of metacognitive knowledge in these researches.