Algal Biomass Conversion: Hydrothermal Liquefaction for Advanced Bio-Fuel Production

e rapid increase in energy demand and environmental challenges enable us to find substitutes to meet the increasing energy demand and satisfy the environmental standards. In this context, eco-friendly algae biomass and advanced conversion technology such as hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) appear to be exciting solutions. Algae biomass has a carbon-neutral nature, and it has high photosynthetic efficiency, while HTL is a thermochemical technique capable of converting whole algae biomass into biofuel and other by-products. This chapter briefly enlightens the concepts of HTL technology, the recent progress, and the impact of process operating conditions on biofuel. Additionally, it briefly outlines the challenges associated with converting algae biomass into biofuel and provides a succinct overview of the future outlook in this field.