Leveling Differences and Reinforcing Similarities: The Interaction between Information and Communication Technologies and National Culture

This study compares how workers in Norway and the United States use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Our data—72 in-depth interviews of advanced ICT users – was coded and ana-lyzed using a grounded-theory methodology. As our organizing structure of comparing the two coun-tries, we use Hofstede’s four-dimensional framework of national culture. Our results show that ICTs have a homogenizing effect on cultural differences—but also a reinforcing effect on existing similarities. We hypothesize possible explanations for these findings, including tracing them to our focus on an ex-pert-user subculture and external triggering events.