Sammendrag
In toddlers, the transition from home to childcare might elicit high
levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Measuring cortisol may give
an indicator for children’s experience and hence, may help
improve this transition. We applied linear mixed model analyses
to investigate the cortisol levels of 119 toddlers during their
transition to childcare across time of day (morning, afternoon,
and evening) and phase (accompanied by parents, separated
from parents, and after four to six weeks in childcare). The
influence of age, gender, number of siblings, and childcare group
size was analyzed. Time of day and phase influenced cortisol
levels significantly. On average, children had elevated cortisol
levels in the afternoon throughout transition, with the peak
coming in the separation phase. Cortisol levels declined
significantly toward the evening. Children younger than 14
months showed higher evening levels and higher afternoon
levels after 4–6 weeks in childcare. The findings suggest that the
onset of childcare – particularly separation from parents – may be
demanding for toddlers. Low evening levels indicate relief of
tension at home. Higher levels of afternoon cortisol of under 14-
months-old children at the follow-up measurement may indicate
that younger children need more time to settle in at childcare.
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